Programming Fundamentals
Core concepts every programmer should know.
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#1
Q: What is a variable?
A: Named storage holding a changeable value.
#2
Q: What is a function?
A: Reusable code block performing a specific task.
#3
Q: What is recursion?
A: A function calling itself to solve sub-problems.
#4
Q: What is an algorithm?
A: Step-by-step instructions to solve a problem.
#5
Q: What is a loop?
A: Repeats code until a condition is met.
#6
Q: What is OOP?
A: Organising code into objects with data and behaviour.
#7
Q: What is a bug?
A: An error causing unexpected behaviour.
#8
Q: What does DRY mean?
A: Don't Repeat Yourself — abstract repeated logic.
#9
Q: What is a data structure?
A: Way to organise data (array, list, tree, graph).
#10
Q: What is Big O notation?
A: Describes algorithm time/space complexity as input grows.
#11
Q: What is version control?
A: Tracks code changes over time (e.g. Git).
#12
Q: What is an API?
A: Contract defining how software components communicate.
#13
Q: What is debugging?
A: Finding and fixing errors in code.
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